Language: Effect On Thought And Perception

Language: Effect On Thought And Perception Begley, Sharon. Whats in a Word: Why Language May Shape Our Thoughts. Newsweek. Harmon-Newsweek, 9 July 2009. Web. 7 October 2010. Begleys article researches different focuses inside analyst Lera Boroditskys chip away at language and discernment, raising such models as whether a dialects things are ladylike or manly affect how speakers of that language see regular items and how separate words in different dialects for various hues may even influence how we see those hues. Begley likewise calls attention to that how every dialects arrangement of language structure can influence the manner in which we portray comparable occasions. Boroditsky, Lera. How Does Our Language Shape The Way We Think? Whats Next: Dispatches on the Future of Science. Ed. Max Brockman. New York: Vintage Books, 2009. 116-129. Print. In her article How Does Language Shape the Way We Think, analyst Boroditsky contends that language does without a doubt assume a pivotal job by they way we people think and how we see the world. Referencing her trials results for the greater part of her paper, she keeps up that language influences the manner in which we think aboutand so describenot just the solid yet in addition the theoretical like uncommon connections and time. Boroditsky, Lera. Phonetic Relativity. MIT. n.d. PDF File. In an examination intended to test therapist Benjamin Lee Whorfs 1956 recommendation that how one breaks down and reacts to the world reflects contrasts in their languagea proposal since quite a while ago deserted by established researchers, Boroditsky states that language profoundly affects thought and recognition. While additionally depicting how language impacts impression of existence, Boroditsky exhibits how contrasts in sentence structure add to various methods of portraying and seeing sums, shapes, and different qualities of items. Casasanto, Daniel, et al. How Deep are the Effects of Language on Thought? Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. n.d. PDF File. From tests led to test whether language influences how speakers experience the world, Casasanto et al. propose that, through on semantic and two non-etymological tests in local speakers of different dialects that our sentence structure impacts how we intellectually imagine dynamic thoughts and that language impacts even the most essential of mental procedures. Deutscher, Guy. Does Language Shape How You Think? New York Times. The New York Times, 26 August 2010. Web. 10 October 2010. In his article Does Language Shape How You Think, Deutscher offers a general perspective on the contention encompassing the subject of dialects impact of thought. Deutscher first depicts the aftermath from clinician Whorfs proposition about language and its association with the psyche, and afterward references other noted investigations intended to test the recommendation. He at that point delineates the general result of these tests as that singular dialects do add to qualifications in discernment toward articles and space. Damages, William, and Robert Sanders. UC Berkeley. 31 January 2006. Web. 7 October 2010. Damages and William start their survey by recognizing the troublesome researchers have in testing whether language has an immediate impact by they way we see the world. They advance a paper distributed in the month to month diary Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that proposes that language influences discernment, yet just in the correct portion of our visual field; in different terms, what we see out of our correct eye. Refering to tests dependent on shading directed at UC Berkeley, Harms and Sanders portray the papers contention that languagewhich is dominatingly situated in the left side of the equator of our cerebrum, which forms the privilege visual fieldmay assist us with perceiving hues all the more rapidly in our privilege visual field yet give more slow acknowledgment in our left. Ramachandran, V.S. what's more, E.M. Hubbard. SynesthesiaA Window into Perception, Thought, and Language. 2001. PDF File. In their paper, Ramachandran and Hubbard endeavor to expose certain fantasies about synesthesia and the individuals who experience it. Synesthesia is an intriguing and weird marvel where a synesthetic individual may encounter a blend of tangible action without a moment's delay, for example, seeing the number 7 and survey it as a dull blue-green or eating an egg and afterward hearing a high note. A marvel not under any genuine experimentation for quite a while, Ramachandran and Hubbard direct examinations to discover connects to their twelve abrogating thoughts and perceive how synesthesia associates with language and how and why tangible movement is seen. Regier, Terry and Paul Kay. Language, Thought, and Color: Whorf was Half Right. 2009. PDF File. Through analyses led to test Whorfs hypothesis of language and its impact on how we see and adjust to the world, Regier and Kays results recommend that Whorf had the right thought, generally. Utilizing shading and situation to test how rapidly members perceived an alternate shade of blue among a hover of other blue squares empowered them to presume that different dialects that have changing degrees of order for hues impacts shading observation for the most part in the correct portion of the visual field. They likewise recommend that the measure of differentiation a language has between singular shades adds to the speed of shading discernment. Stafford, Amy. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. Minnesota State U, n.d. Web. 10 October 2010. In her paper Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, Stafford portrays the manner of thinking behind therapist Whorfs suggestion that semantics sway our attention to the world. She additionally gives various perspectives on the thought, recommending techniques and studies that offer an increasingly adjusted feeling. Stafford then characterizes how she trusts Whorfs speculation can influence our comprehension of one another and of individual societies over the world. Thierry, Gullame, et al. Oblivious Effects of Language-Specific Terminology on Pre-Attentive Color Perception. 2009. PDF File. While trying to find whether dialects impact on ones observation is driven by cognizant, language-based assessment of the earth or if the distinction lies in the mental handling of speakers of different dialects, Thierry et al. lead shading tests. Utilizing the different Greek words for light and dull blue (ghalazio and ble), and the English renditions, Thierry et al. recommend that Greek speakers can recognize shades of blue more rapidly than English speakers as a result of the particular separate words for each shading as opposed to adding light or dim to the primary shade of blue. Anne Seeley Educator Yerks Sythesis 106 11 October 2010 Language and its Effect on Thought and Perception Indeed, even with the mind blowing progresses in innovation and science, certain zones of the cerebrum stay a secret to researchers. As researchers try to find more associations and light up explanations behind why we people carry on subjectively the manner in which we do, speculations proposed in the past that may have become undesirable are being reevaluated utilizing todays innovation. One such proposition, known as the Whorf Hypothesis, endeavors to show the connection between the exceptionally human nature of communicated in and composed language and the impact it has on our musings and impression of the world (Stafford). This generally as of late restored recommendation gives abundant space to earth shattering inquiries, and everybody from researchers to savants have contended for and against it, for about seventy years (Begley). Benjamin Lee Whorf, states Guy Deutscher, writer of the New York Times article Does Language Shape How You Think, was the analyst of questionable notoriety that recommended in 1940 that language was the medium through which we convey, however that it characterizes the manner in which we think and thus confines what we can think. Deutscher clarifies that Whorf recommended that various dialects have such a significant effect in transit we imagine that Native American dialects force on their speakers an image of reality that is very surprising from our own, and consequently these speakers don't have a similar handle on a portion of our most essential ideas, similar to the progression of time or the differentiation among articles and activities as speakers of different dialects do. Despite the fact that his hypothesis enchanted mainstream researchers and world everywhere for a period, bit by bit that language contracts our capacity to see reality blurred and was in the long run relinquis hed, particularly when, Deutscher jokes, it was indicated that Whorf never really [had] any proof to help his fabulous cases. As of late, in any case, new investigations have been led whose outcomes propose that language truly changes the manner in which we think and see the world. Lera Boroditsky, a prominent Stanford analyst, contends in her paper How Does Language Shape the Way We Think? that language does without a doubt structure the manner in which we consider theoretical ideas like reality just as solid articles. The aftereffects of her trials on the association among language and thought (known as semantic relativity) are intriguing; for example, in an analysis inspecting how speakers of various dialects process the idea of time, English speakers (who talk about time as far as flat spatial metaphorse.g., The best is in front of us [or] The most noticeably awful is behind us) will point a level way, (for example, behind or close to them) when asked where yesterday would be on a three-dimensional course of events. Mandarin speakers, be that as it may, utilize a vertical similitude for time e.g., the following month is the down month and the most recent month is the up month and will regularly point vertically to portray the idea of yesterday. Boroditsky o ffers another provocative knowledge: that the accident of sentence structure in numerous dialects where things are given sexual orientations really changes the manner in which speakers see those items. In her exploratory outcomes, it was demonstrated that while German and Spanish speakers both comprehended the idea of a key, they pondered and thusly portrayed the key in totally diff

Image of Filipino Women Essay

Medical Law Essay Example Essay Example

Clinical Law Essay Example Paper Clinical Law Essay Introduction On the off chance that a lady is very intellectually impeded, English courts have permitted non-consensual sanitizations. Be that as it may, the courts have adjusted their outlooks by perceiving the privilege of a lady to have a kid as an essential right. In situations where the non-consensual cleansings have accepted the job of a treatment, the courts have permitted non-consensual disinfections. All things considered, through alert and watchfulness the judges have forestalled non-consensual cleansings from getting coercive and effectively restricted the automatic disinfections. To a degree, the use of the English law has relied upon the application the courts regarding non-consensual sanitization. The utilization of non-consensual disinfection is utilized if there should arise an occurrence of intellectually incapacitated females. The courts have refused non-consensual sanitization of an intellectually disabled female in situations where she is probably going to have the legitimate ability to wed (Re D [1976] 1 All ER 326). Courts have permitted non-consensual cleansings just in those situations where it has been acknowledged that the female won't legitimately have the option to go into marriage (Jackson. J, 2006),. Clinical Law Essay Body Paragraphs Also, on the off chance that the court can utilize its â€Å"parens patriae† controls and approve the non-consensual sanitization of an intellectually incapacitated young lady. This was done in L v. L’s Curator and Litem (1997 SLT 167). The degree to which the legitimate structure has had the option to stop non-coercive cleansing relies upon the choices that have been taken by the English courts. When all is said in done there has been various cases in courts that have come up identifying with learning inabilities where the requirement for non-consensual cleansing have been bantered in the court. In these cases the motivation behind disinfection has been for contraception. The court has conceded authorization for disinfections sometimes. (C. f. T v. T and another [1988] 1 All ER 613; In re B( A Minor)(Wardship: Sterilization) [1990] 2 AC 1 (HL)). What the court sees is the seriousness of the debilitation and afterward chooses. The disputable issue is that if there is a treatment of an intellectually debilitated lady, if the court feels that it is to the greatest advantage of the lady to be sanitized then the courts have given their assent. Are these cleansings coercive? This must be discovered by analyzing the suspicions made by the court in regards to the interests in child rearing or about the sexuality of the ‘mentally crippled persons’ If these suppositions are not supported by satisfactory proof then we would need to reevaluate the choices of the court (Chinkin. C, 2006),. In the event that these speculations are sponsored by strong approval, at that point we could reason that non-consensual cleansings were justified and these disinfections were not coercive. It is significant the non-consensual disinfection ought to be coercive and carefully limit automatic non-consensual sanitizations in light of the fact that in any case these will be seen as a picture of state abuse. Likewise, this makes a feeling that the state is by one way or another associated with the selective breeding and the body politic activities control over the selection of people (The Law Reform Commission 2005). The inquiry that is identified with non-consensual cleansings is whether there is still any factor identified with genetic counseling when the courts endorse non-consensual sanitizations for the simple-minded. The modest number of examples when the court has allowed non-consensual cleansings disproves this case. In the UK there are various circumstances wherein non-consensual sanitizations have been refused. For instance in Re B. (a Minor) (Wardship: Sterilization) (1987), [1988] 1 A. C. 199, [1987] 2 All E. R. 206 (H. L. ) [Re B. (H. L. ) refered to A. C. ] the Lordships precluded that social or eugenic reasons can be utilized for non-consensual cleansings. Be that as it may, the appointed authorities permitted wardship locale to legitimize non-consensual sanitizations as it included a seventeen-year elderly person who had conside rable mental troubles. For this situation her supervisors felt that pregnancy now would prompt serious challenges and different types of contraception were precluded. In such extraordinary cases non-consensual cleansings are permitted by the law (Cook. R, Dickens. B Fathalla. M 2003). It appears that the law has been effective in maintaining a strategic distance from coercive cleansings and to constrain automatic non-consensual sanitizations. During decisions it has been set up that non-consensual sanitizations could be legitimate just on the off chance that it was to the greatest advantage of the lady to turn out to be for all time cleaned (Mason, J. K. furthermore, McCall Smith, R. A. , 1994). If there should be an occurrence of minor ladies the law gives wardship locale to the court, so it can act to the greatest advantage of the ward [1990] 2 A. C. 1 (H. L. ) [Re F. ]. In the use of the law it has been seen that the courts have had the option to confine automatic non-consensual cleansings and have gone about as arbiters between the people and society. There are two points of view. From one angle, each individual has the option to shield his body from burden, then again pregnancy and birth can influence the body of the individual and that might be against the interests of the individual or the general public. Initially the laws that were surrounded for non-consensual sanitizations had been composed for ensuring the interests of the general public; nonetheless, the present utilization of these laws has been mostly to secure the interests of the person. At the end of the day, the law has been fruitful in maintaining a strategic distance from coercive sanitizations on the grounds that the law has permitted non-consensual cleansings for the most part to guarantee substantial honesty of the lady. The one region where the UK courts have given authorization for non-consensual cleansings is the place the state of mind of the lady is grave. Presently if the body oug ht not be barged in, for what reason should the courts permit non-consensual cleansings? The clarification is that the woman’s body need clinical treatment. The sanitization is portrayed as a sparing the lady. The lady can't guarantee security against interruption if the interruption into her body has been seen as kind. The standards of nobility and opportunity don't give this security. The sickness lies in the body of the lady whose regenerative capacity isn't leveled out. When this portrayal by the law is set up, at that point disposing of the danger of pregnancy is a freeing and engaging. In any case, the law has held that guardians or gatekeepers can't offer agree to surgeries for contraception on an intellectually hindered individual. As such the remedial legitimacy of the medical procedure ought to be built up in court. The general rule that has been followed in UK courts is that physical respectability has been given more noteworthy significance than ‘right to be secured against pregnancy’. This has kept away from coercive disinfections and breaking point automatic sanitizations. What has helped the law keep away from coercive cleansings and breaking point automatic disinfections is the acknowledgment of the way that non-consensual sanitizations is an irreversible activity and removes the major human right of the lady to imitate. The court ought not remove this fundamental human right. Notwithstanding, the option to build up a family is needy upon the court’s assessment of the individual’s capacity to value that right. As such the court maintains whatever authority is needed to choose if the individual can grasp the option to begin a family. It is to be comprehended that the courts in UK have not affirmed that non-consensual sanitizations are legal. Then again the real trustworthiness of the individual and opportunity of the lady is seen to have been upgraded by the disinfections. The prudence of the court forestalls co ercive sanitizations and cutoff points automatic disinfections. The fundamental premises on which the English law was encircled identified with the conviction that relating sanitizing ladies who were intellectually impaired was prudent in light of the fact that they were clumsy at child rearing and that the lives of the intellectually debilitated would be upgraded on the off chance that they didn't have child rearing duties. To whole, the English law has had the option to maintain a strategic distance from coercive disinfections and carefully limit automatic yet non-coercive cleansings. Where the lady has been discovered equipped for wedding, the courts have not permitted non-consensual cleansings. Moreover, the courts have perceived the significance of sacredness of the woman’s body, her opportunity and her entitlement to establish a family. This decent point of view of the courts has guaranteed that coercive disinfections are kept away from and automatic non-consensual sani tizations are restricted to the base. References: Chinkin. C, (2006), Health and Human Rights, Retrieved on February 22, 2007 from: http://www. nuffieldtrust. organization. uk/uploadedFiles/Grants/Chinkin_52-59. pdf. Cook. R, Dickens. B Fathalla. M (2003), Reproductive Health and Human Rights: Integrating Medicine, morals, and Law, Oxford University Press. Jackson. J, (2006), Ethics in Medicine, Blackwell Publishing Mason, J. K. furthermore, McCall Smith, R. A. , (1994) Law and Medical Ethics, (fourth Ed), London, Butterworths, . The Law Reform Commission (2005) Consultation Paper on Vulnerable Adults a the Law: Capacity, Retrieved on February 22, 2007 from: http://www. lawreform. ie/records/Consultation%20Paper%20on%20Capacity%20_final%20version_. pdf We will compose a custom article test on Medical Law Essay Example explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Medical Law Essay Example explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Medical Law Essay Example explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer

Engineering Personal Statement †Critical Pointers Essays

Building Personal Statement †Critical Pointers Essays Designing Personal Statement †Critical Pointers Essay Designing Personal Statement †Critical Pointers Essay At the point when an individual applies for an alumni program in the field of building, he/she needs to initially compose a designing individual articulation. An individual explanation is an inspirational articulation that fundamentally talks about the character, characteristics, qualities and shortcomings of the candidate. It likewise discloses to the advisory group of the affirmation staff why the candidate wants to look for confirmation in the building graduate course and why he/she inclines toward this school. An individual explanation permits the board of trustees to get familiarize with the candidate in an increasingly powerful manner. Since these announcements are paid attention to very by the confirmation board, it is fundamental that you should figure out how to compose it capably. Consideration Grabber It is important that you should catch the eye of the board individuals with an interesting or persuading opening. You may begin the announcement by talking about one of your extraordinary characteristics that joins with your enthusiasm for designing. This will likewise go about as proof that shows your top to bottom enthusiasm for this field. You can likewise begin the announcement with a statement from a popular architect to snare your perusers. The individuals from the board of trustees are all experience individuals who read a few applications during the confirmation procedure. By having a look at the presentation of the announcement they can without much of a stretch distinguish whether the announcement is an ordinary exposition or an intriguing persuasive explanation. Think of a Thesis Statement Make a fascinating theory for your own designing explanation. The proposition will go about as the fundamental component and it will clarify the principle reason why you need to seek after building field. Given that building is a confounded field so you need to demonstrate that you are dedicated to this field and you have plentiful information and experience to look for a higher certificate in designing. Demonstrate You Are Up For This Challenging Path Give some particular insights regarding your scholarly capabilities and accomplishments. Relate those subtleties with your enthusiasm for building and show them that you are set up to stroll on this difficult way. Examine Professional Goals Mention to them what your expert objectives are and how you need to achieve those objectives. Talk about what you are intending to once you complete your graduation in the building field, for example, would you like to consider it considerably further. Talk about the Reason to Seek Acceptance in Their College It is additionally essential to talk about the reasons why you look for acknowledgment in their school since there are other many building universities accessible. It might be a result of their moderate semester charges or it might be on the grounds that they have the best designing educators. Change the Statement At long last reexamine the designing individual proclamation to correct any errors in it.

Dividend Policy Trends free essay sample

Profit Policy of Indian Corporate Firms: An Analysis of Trends and Determinants Dr. Y. Subba Reddy1 The current examination looks at the profit conduct of Indian corporate firms over the period 1990 †2001 and endeavors to clarify the watched conduct with the assistance of exchange off hypothesis, and flagging speculation. Investigation of profit patterns for an enormous example of stocks exchanged on the NSE and BSE show that the level of organizations delivering profits has declined from 60. 5 percent in 1990 to 32. percent in 2001 and that solitary a couple of firms have reliably delivered similar degrees of profits. Further, profit paying organizations are progressively productive, enormous in size and development doesn’t appear to hinder Indian firms from delivering higher profits. Investigation of impact of changes in charge system on profit conduct shows that the tradeoff or assessment inclination hypothesis doesn't seem to remain constant in the Indian setting. Tri al of flagging speculation strengthens the prior discoveries that profit exclusions have data content about future income. In any case, examination of other non-extraordinary profit occasions, for example, profit decreases and non-decreases shows that present misfortunes are a significant determinant of profit decreases for firms with built up track record and that the frequency of profit decrease is substantially more extreme on account of Indian firms contrasted with that of firms exchanged on the NYSE. Further, profit changes seem to flag contemporaneous and slacked income execution as opposed to the future income execution. 1 Asst. Teacher, Institute for Financial Management and Research (IFMR), Chennai. continue composing administration expenses The perspectives communicated and the methodology recommended are of the creators and not really of NSE. 1. Presentation From the practitioners’ perspective, profit policy1 of a firm has ramifications for speculators, supervisors and loan specialists and different partners. For speculators, profits †regardless of whether proclaimed today or aggregated and gave sometime in the not too distant future are a methods for customary income2, yet in addition a significant contribution to valuation of a firm3. Likewise, managers’ adaptability to put resources into ventures is additionally subject to the measure of profit that they can ffer to investors as more profits may mean less subsidizes accessible for speculation. Loan specialists may likewise have enthusiasm for the measure of profit a firm proclaims, as more the profit paid less would be the sum accessible for adjusting and recovery of their cases. In any case, ideally as Modigliani and Miller (1961) have appeared, financial specialists might be aloof about the measure of profit as it has no effect on the estimation of a firm. Any speculator can make a ‘home made dividend’ whenever required or can contribute the returns of a profit installment in extra offers as and when an organization makes profit installment. Thus, chiefs might be detached as assets would be accessible or could be raised with out any buoyancy costs for all positive net present worth ventures. Be that as it may, in actuality, profits may matter, especially with regards to differential assessment treatment of profits and capital increases. Regularly profits are charged at a higher rate contrasted with capital additions. This infers profits may have negative ramifications for investors4. So also, cost of raising assets isn't unimportant and may well prompt lower payout, especially when positive net present worth tasks are accessible. Aside from buoyancy costs, data asymmetry among chiefs and outside financial specialists may likewise have suggestions for profit arrangement. As per Myers and Majluf (1984), within the sight of data asymmetry and buoyancy costs, venture choices made by chiefs are dependent upon the hierarchy of financing decisions accessible. Chiefs lean toward held profit to obligation and obligation to value buoyancy to fund the accessible tasks. Data asymmetry between operators (directors) and principals (outside investors) may likewise prompt organization cost (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). One of the components o decreasing seizure of outside f investors by operators is high payout. High payout will bring about decrease of free income accessible to chiefs and this confines the domain building endeavors of directors. The nearness of data asymmetry may an imply that administrators need to flag their capacity to lso produce higher profit in future with the assistance of high profit payouts (Bhattacharya, 1979, John and Williams 1985, and Miller and Rock, 1985). In any case, the believability of signs relies upon the expense of flagging †the expense being loss of money related adaptability. High payout brings about decrease of free income when in certainty the firm needs more assets to seek after high development openings. Rozeff (1994) models payout proportions as an element of three elements: buoyancy expenses of outer subsidizing, office cost of outside possession and financing limitations because of higher working and monetary leverage5. To sum up, a few speculations have been proposed in clarifying why organizations pay dividends6. While numerous previous investigations bring up the assessment inclination hypothesis, later examinations underline flagging and office cost reason of profit installments. In any case, the profit puzzle is yet uncertain and the expressions of Brealey (1992) represents the profit arrangement choice as â€Å"What is the impact of an adjustment in real money profits, given the firm’s capital-planning and obtaining choices? † at the end of the day, he takes a gander at profit arrangement in detachment and not as a side-effect of other corporate money related choices. 2 Lintner (1956) finds that organizations deliver normal and unsurprising profits to speculators, where as the income of corporate firms could be unpredictable. This suggests investors lean toward smoothened profit pay. Bernstein (1998) sees that given the ‘concocted’ income gauges gave by firms, the low profit payout prompts reinvestment hazard and profit chance for the speculators. 4 Black (1976) takes note of that within the sight of expenses, speculators â€Å"prefer littler profits or no profits at all†. 5 According to Kalay (1982), without controlling ag reements, investors can move riches from bondholders by delivering off profit to themselves either by selling existing resources or by decreasing venture or by utilizing continues of a senior obligation. 6 Baker, Powell and Veit (2002) review various floods of research chip away at profits. 2 Fischer (Black 1976) may well apply in today’s setting: â€Å"The harder we take a gander at the profit picture, the more it appears to be a riddle, with pieces that just don’t fit together†. One of the striking perspectives that have been seen in late periods is the lower profit paid by corporate firms in the US. Fama and French (2001) investigate the issue of lower profits paid by corporate firms over the period 1973-1999 and the components answerable for such a decay. They ascribe the decrease to changing firm qualities of size, profit and development. Be that as it may, it is to be seen whether the change owards lower profits is a lasting component or will there be inve rsion. A decrease in profits, as indicated by Fama and French, could be because of lower exchange costs, improved corporate administration components, and the expanding inclination towards capital increases. 1. 1 Indian Scenario In the Indian setting, a couple of studies have examined the profit conduct of corporate firms. Mahapatra and Sahu (1993) discover income as a significant determinant of profit followed by net income. Bhat and Pandey (1994) attempt a study of managers’ impression of profit choice and find that chiefs see current income as the most huge factor. Narasimhan and Asha (1997) see that the uniform duty pace of 10 percent on profit as proposed by the Indian association spending plan 1997-98, changes the interest of financial specialists for high payouts. Mohanty (1999) finds that organizations, which gave extra offers, have either kept up the pre-reward level or just diminished it insignificantly there by expanding the payout to investors. Narasimhan and Vijayalakshmi (2002) investigate the impact of proprietorship structure on profit payout and discover no impact of insider possession on profit conduct of firms. In any case, it is as yet not satisfactory with regards to what is the profit installment example of firms in India and for what reason do they start and exclude profit installments or lessen or increment profit installments. Consequently it is proposed to investigate the profit payout of firms in India and break down the profit commencements and oversights and different changes in profits and the signs that these occasions pass on. Following Fama and French (2001), the current investigation likewise endeavors to break down the effect of productivity, size and development on the profit payout of firms. So also, following Healy and Palepu (1988) an endeavor is made to dissect the flagging speculation, I. e. arnings data passed on by profit commencements and oversights. Since, commencements and oversights interpret extraordinary profit occasions, changes in profits I. e. , increments and diminishes and the data that they pass on is likewise inspected following DeAngelo, DeAngelo and Sk inner (1992). There have been a few changes in the assessment system over the most recent couple of years. The association financial plan 1997-98 made profits available at t e hands of organization paying them and not in the hands of speculators accepting them. h Similarly there have been changes in the capital increases expense and exception of profit pay under Section 80 L of the Income Tax Act 1961. Every one of these progressions have suggestions for the profit strategy of corporate firms. As indicated by charge inclination or exchange off hypothesis, positive profits duty should prompt higher payouts. Consequently it is proposed to dissect the effect of duty systems on profit strategies of corporate firms. 1. 2 Objectives 1. To contemplate the patterns in the profit installment example of Indian c

Stassen, Harold Edward

Stassen, Harold Edward Stassen, Harold Edward stas ´?n [key], 1907â€"2001, American public official and university president, b. West St. Paul, Minn. A Republican lawyer, he held his first public office at the age of 23. At 31 he was elected (1938) governor of Minnesota and was twice (1940, 1942) reelected. In World War II, Stassen resigned (1943) as governor to enter the navy. He was later a delegate (1945) to the San Francisco Conference called to create the United Nations. From 1949 to 1953, Stassen was president of the Univ. of Pennsylvania. During the Eisenhower administration he served as Mutual Security Administrator (1953), director of the Foreign Operations Administration (1953â€"55), and special presidential adviser on disarmament (1955â€"58). A respected moderate and internationalist, Stassen was probably best known as a perenniallly unsuccessful candidate for the Republican presidential nomination, having sought it a total of nine times (1948, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, and 1988 ). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

The New SAT A Note for Parents of the Class of 2017

As class of 2017 parents, you confront several testing-related issues with your college-bound student.   Preliminary planning begins now, and here’s what we foresee: Embrace the unchanged ACT The current spec of the new SAT presents an unknown for students who plan to prepare.   Meanwhile the library of ACT material is well established.   Trusting that the new test is so aligned with curricula that prep is unnecessary or that self-prep online is sufficient is ill advised. But, there is no true pre-ACT ACT has discontinued the PLAN and has rolled out the multi-grade Aspire assessment system.   The Aspire is even less of a pre-ACT than the PLAN was.   While some aspects of the Aspire align with the ACT, the Aspire also contains constructed response items and other elements not seen on the ACT.   The inclusion of these items and the push for online testing foreshadows likely changes to the ACT, but not for the class of 2017. So, take an ACT practice test by the spring of sophomore year Mimic the real thing.   Use a diagnostic tool that gives your student relevant, well-timed exposure to a current college admission test.   While we may see small gaps in math content, lets identify those holes and target them. Compass offers families no-cost proctoring, scoring, and analysis year-round. And, take the sophomore PSAT when offered in the fall Though in its final year, the â€Å"old† PSAT is still worthwhile: it provides useful feedback; it is normed appropriately; it is a familiar point of reference for planning and advising; and its scores should correlate with the new PSAT and SAT. Who will take the â€Å"old† SAT? Only very high scoring students who â€Å"like† the old SAT.   Most juniors will likely flock to the ACT in December 2015 or February 2016.   The old SAT in January 2016 will finish a distant second; the redesigned SAT in March 2016 will be last. Despite this prediction were already busy developing curricula and practice tests for the new SAT.   We expect the new SAT’s popularity to steadily increase after its debut. Plan for Subject Tests, too Advance planning is essential to maximize scores.   Not all tests are offered on all dates and you cannot take Subject Tests on the day of your SAT.   Selective colleges require them, but some colleges accept the ACT in lieu of both the SAT and Subject Tests. We hope this is helpful and we welcome questions and further discussion.   Expect to see additional resources and information from us soon!

Hippies The American Hippies - 1787 Words

The subculture that I chose was the American Hippies or also known as a (Hippy). American hippies came out in the mid-1960s. Hippies are known as a youth generation group of people that protest for drugs, rock music, peace, and spiritual quest. Hippies protest for certain rights like legalizing drugs such as marijuana and heroin. The hippies also protest for their beliefs. They believed in peace being served. What hippies believe in, they think it is suitable and okay with doing it. Books, movies, articles, etc. describes hippies in their own different ways. The hippies made their own culture. Some chose to wear different clothing styles and designs. It is important to know why the hippies do what they do and why they respond to things the way they do. We need to know the reasons they started their protest and why they started their culture. Hippies are middle age men and women who chose to believe in the practices they do. Hippies created their own music that described them and how they feel. The hippies are different in their own way and is important to society today as well. A hippy is a person who is up for peace protest and believe in what they practice, based off the movies I watched. The three movies I watched all had the same similar description of a hippy. This subculture is important because some people do not even know what a hippy could be. Also, people do not even know if they are a hippy their-self. They also don’t think about if they fit the description ofShow MoreRelatedDuring the 1960s, a new culture spread throughout the United States, stirring up the Flower Power800 Words   |  4 PagesFlower Power movement as well as the aversion from the typical American lifestyle. These â€Å"Hippies† as they were known, didn’t want to fit in with the mainstream crowd. The name â€Å"hippie† was taken from the term â€Å"hipster†. It described how the Hippies believed that we should make love, not war, their vocal oppo sition to the United States’ involvement in the Vietnam War, and the increasingly rocky road to shared civil rights among all Americans led to this new, alternative form of activism. But the HippieRead MoreEssay about The Counterculture899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impact of the Hippie Counterculture of the 1960s The â€Å"hippies† of the 1960s had many effects on the American society. The visual appearance and lifestyle of the hippies were in sharp contrast to the conservative nature of the older generation, which defined them as a counterculture. The hippie lifestyle was based on free love, rock music, shared property, and drug experimentation. They introduced a new perspective on drugs, freedom of expression, appearance, music, attitudes toward workRead MoreThe Influence Of The Hippie Subculture1575 Words   |  7 PagesA new Identity for American Youth- An essay on how the teenage ideology was influenced by the Hippie subculture Born from the social turmoil, and the differing opinions of people during the Vietnam War. The Hippie movement first gained traction in American Colleges and Universities. These young adults during the 1950s, are considered to be the very first pioneers of the hippie subculture. Through the youths’ rebellious nature against the main ideals of society, and the growing popularity of theRead MoreThe Hippie Subculture Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagesequality. The coming together of like-minded people from around the world was spontaneous and unstoppable. This group of people, which included writers, musicians, thinkers and tokers, came to be known as the popular counterculture, better known as hippies. The dawning of the Age of Aquarius in the late sixties was more than just a musical orgy. It was a time of spiritual missions to fight for change and everything they believed in. Freedom, love, justice, equality and peace were at the very forefrontRead MoreThe Hippie Movement and th e Beat Movemnt1704 Words   |  7 PagesHow the Hippies got hip with the beat of the Beat Movement Jack Kerouac once said, â€Å"the only people for me are the mad ones, the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything at the same time, the ones who never yawn or say a commonplace thing, but burn, burn, burn like fabulous yellow roman candles exploding like spiders across the stars† (Kerouac 5). Kerouac was the symbol of the Beat Movement. He was the rebellious and adventurous man, who during his time wasRead MoreThe Sixties Essay1036 Words   |  5 Pagestoday. The sixties was a time where American culture moved from being conservative to new and insightful ways of thinking. With these changes, it brought a new counter culture that would be known as the hippie culture. The hippies led way into a new sexual revolution that would break the old fashioned boundaries. The hippies also ushered in a new era where drugs became popular to a large public as well as within their own culture. Drugs were becoming a part of American culture, as well as new scientificRead MoreEssay The Hippie Movement of 1960s America1422 Words   |  6 PagesHippies- known for their love of drugs and sex, they often misguided the common folk of their intentions. In their minds, what they were doing was guilelessly standing up for themselves and what they considered was theirs; what they believed in. They believed in their rights, and they wanted to do what they pleased; not to conform to the requirements of living in the average society of the time. They wanted to create a culture where spiritual awareness was highly regarded (sometimes through psychedelicRead MoreThe Hippie Summary885 Words   |  4 PagesFor my writing assignment, I chose â€Å"The Hippies† article because out of all the titles, this is the one I thought would keep me most interested. My mom and grandma would always speak of the â€Å"hippie age† and how they had some good parties, and while they never considered themselves hippies, they never spoke ill of th em. Also, I think that we have some modern-day hippie types in America, called â€Å"hipsters†, college age teens and young adults who argue a lot of politics, keep up with things that go againstRead MoreThe Hippie Movement1662 Words   |  7 PagesThesis: During the 1950’s the hippie movement began, hippies rebelled against society, had their own way of living, and had an impact on the world. I. Introduction A. How hippies formed B. What inspired them to be this way C. Thesis II. Rebelling Against Society A. Drop out 1. From school 2. From materialistic life B. Drugs 1. LSD, marijuana, etc. 2. Sold them to stay living III. Living style A. Fashion 1. Clothes and shoes 2. Hair andRead MoreThe Hippie Subculture of the 1960s Essay1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1960’s was a decade to remember. Hippies, The Draft, Civil Rights, and the Vietnam War were all events that took place in this youthful generation. Drugs claimed numerous lives furthermore the birth rate for young adolescents reached sky high. There was a major turning point on the idealistic life in the sixties its effect tarnished many families.  ¶ The corner of Haight and Ashbury marks the spot of where the hippie subculture began. â€Å" Initially it was a youth movement that started during

Marketing Research Tools Essay example - 1410 Words

Marketing Research Tools Before launching or expanding a business venture, there needs to be an understanding of the industry, its competitors, and its customers. Market research is vital in assisting companies in the decision-making process and their marketing direction. Data from marketing research is important because it provides companies with ways to identify opportunities, identify market potential, minimize chances of loss, devise effective marketing strategies, gauge customer satisfaction, and serve as an evaluation tool. A wide-range of marketing research tools is available to market researchers and organizational decision makers. The following focuses specifically on data collection methods for conducting both primary and†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Exploratory research is open-ended method that assists in defining a specific problem, and usually involves detailed, unstructured interviews in which lengthy answers are solicited from a small group of respondents† (Entrepreneur Media, Inc. 2012, para 1). Specific research involves a more precise approach â€Å"used to solve a problem that exploratory research has identified† (Entrepreneur Media, Inc. 2012, para 1). The structure of these types of interviews are much more formal than those used in exploratory research. Data collection tools used in primary research can include: consumer interviews or surveys, focus groups, observations, or field tests (such as employing a test-market). â€Å"Primary research delivers more specific results than secondary research, which is an especially important consideration when youre launching a new product or service† (SFGate, 2012, para 3). This type of research is used to find answers to a predetermined problem using â€Å"statistical methodologies that involve sampling as little as 1 percent of a target market† (SFGate, 2012, para 3). The main downside of primary market research over that of secondary is that is expensive to conduct. Secondary Market Research Prior to conducting primary research, companies should first obtain secondary data from all available sources that pertain to the interests of the subject. Companies conducting secondary market research focus on collating sections of researchShow MoreRelatedMarketing Research Tools Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Research Tools Marketing research is primarily focused on two categories of research: primary and secondary. These two forms of research provide insight into the driving source of the business, consumer behavior and attitudes, and possible pitfalls to the business. Secondary research provides knowledge gathered from within the business or already published information from outside of the business. Primary data is collected with specific purpose of creating a marketing strategy for the businessRead MoreMarketing Research Tools Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Research Tools Once a decision is made to use marketing research, management goals and objectives determine the type of selection methods used. There are a wide range of market research tools and methods available to decision makers. Depending on the goals and objectives of the company, researchers have many options. Some of the research tools include mail and web surveys, personal interviews, and focus groups. This paper will discuss and differentiate among the various tools used in primaryRead MoreMarketing Research Tools Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Research Tools Strategic and tactical decisions need to be made when an organization needs to achieve the objectives of the research. Market research is a strategic step in determining the best solution for discovering opportunities and acquiring clients. This is the first critical step in the marketing department that creates a foundation for what a company needs to research to identify what opportunities are given and what steps need to be taken to achieve the goals. The process providesRead MoreMarketing Research Tools Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Research Tools As a team of six investigating how to overcome the four different research tools, many ideas will flow through to allow the reader to get the most out of what is being taught. The team wants for the reader to indulge themselves in a company who will compare and contrast the selected tools available. Team C will choose to show the reader that tool is the most applicable and which tool is the least applicable. With this to be read and evaluated the team asks the readerRead MoreMarketing Research Tools Paper1080 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Methodologies Many companies use different research tools when conducting primary and secondary research. This paper will discuss the several research tools used and discuss the differences in primary and secondary research when using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Once that has been established, there will be discussion as to which tools are used for each approach and why. Primary Research Primary research also called field research is the most common approach. Primary researchRead MoreEssay about Marketing Research Tools1167 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Research Tools An organizational problem must be identified prior to beginning the market research process. In most cases, a problem is a research opportunity for product improvement or the launch of a new product. The first critical step of the marketing process involves how the research problem is defined by specifying the research objectives; identifying the consumer population of interest, and placing the problem in an environmental context. The very next step is to determine the researchRead MoreMy Key Responsibilities At Genesis Software Solutions1132 Words   |  5 Pagesadministration Company/Employer name: Genesis Software Solutions Supervisor Name and Title: Srikanth Kalepu Project Title: Marketing CPT INTERNSHIP REPORT SUMMER MAY2014-AUGUST2014 NORTHWESTERN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY Project Overview : My key responsibilities at Genesis Software Solutions Inc., as marketing analyst were to analyze the pros and cons of launching a new marketing campaign proposed by the company. To identify market opportunities and company’s needs I first met with the subjectRead MoreTourism New Zealand : An International Visitor Destination Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesOrganistaion which is responsible for marketing a country (I.e. New Zealand) to tourists. They are publically funded government agencies that promote and market a country which is usually directed at inbound tourists. Tourism New Zealand is a crown entity responsible for marketing New Zealand as an international visitor destination. It owns the 100% Pure New Zealand brand, under which the global campaign is managed. Tourism New Zealand follows up that marketing message by providing quality informationRead MoreMarket Research1278 Words   |  6 PagesMarket research has proven to be a vital piece of successful business plans today. It has revolutionized the way companies go to business. This paper will reflect the importance of market research along with challenges it continues to face. There are a number of benefits that market research provide to companies doing business in todays very competitive market place. I have seen first hand in my company how they utilize market research to determine how we go to market with existing productsRead MoreEssay on Sperry/MacLennon Architects and Planners1132 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Market Research Case Study Analysis: Sperry/MacLennon Architects and Planners The firm, Sperry/MacLennan Architects and Planners, is a successful Canadian enterprise. The company has sustained itself for many years since its inception in the 1970s; it has survived slow periods, and overall has been successful for many years. The company is at a crossroads and is ready to consider new business endeavors and developments. It is considering expanding its operations to the United States;

Foundations of Psychology Essay - 763 Words

Foundations of Psychology According to science philosopher Thomas Kuhn, the ongoing development of scientific paradigms is responsible for scientific progress. A scientific paradigm has three basic characteristics: a series of assertions that provide a model of the object of study, a group of common metaphors that assist with comprehension of the object of study, and a methodology that is accepted by the scientific community to provide legitimate and valuable data when carried out correctly. Within the social sciences, Kuhn stated, there is an absence of accepted paradigms. Instead, perhaps because these fields of study are younger than the hard sciences such as biology or physics, there are several fragmented perspectives that†¦show more content†¦The behaviorist perspective of psychology originated in the early twentieth century with Russian researcher Ivan Pavlov, who accidentally discovered learned behavior in dogs whose digestive systems he was researching, and was the most influential psycholog ical perspective from the 1920s to the 1960s. Behaviorist theory proposes that behavior is influenced almost entirely by learning and can be interpreted without discussing thoughts, feelings, and motives, which cannot be objectively observed. Behaviorists see psychology as the science of behavior and insist on strict scientific methodology for psychological research, especially when performing experiments. Because behaviorist theorists do not place any value on unobservable internal states, they suggest that there are laws of behavior, like the laws of physics, that can be proven or disproven through scientific study of observable actions and occurrences in the subjects surroundings. Many current behaviorist psychologists concede the presence of thoughts and feelings but see them as consequences of experiences within the environment rather than causative factors (Kowalski Westen, 2009). The cognitive perspective of psychology emerged from experiments performed by Wilhelm Wundt, his students, and other psychologists in the late nineteenth century. In spite of its long history, contemporary cognitive psychology has been strongly influenced by theShow MoreRelatedFoundations of Psychology771 Words   |  4 PagesFoundations of Psychology Psychology is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. There is some tension between scientific psychology (with its program of empirical research) and applied psychology (dealing with a number of areas). Psychologists attempt to explain the mind and brain in the context of real life. In contrast neurologists utilize a physiological approach. Psychologists study such phenomena as perception, cognition, emotionRead MoreFoundation of Psychology773 Words   |  4 PagesFoundation of Psychology Psychology is the study of human behavior and mind. According to Psychology: The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior defined psychology as the scientific investigation of mental processes (thinking, remembering, feeling, etc.) and behavior. Psychology alone has more than one basic foundation. Psychology can be as broad as biology and as detailed as philosophy, because it includes humans who are very complex in nature. Psychology involves more than how people act;Read MoreFoundations of Psychology747 Words   |  3 PagesFoundations of Psychology L R Juneaux 07/24/2013 PSY/300 Psychology is one of the core studies of the human being, which include investigating of behavior and mental processes. Many processes have to happen before one can even think a single thought. A specific stimulus through sensory organs, nerve interactions, and sorting through the brain are just a few processes that occur. Psychology is one of the most complex areas of study. In this paper, I will identify the major schools of thoughtRead MoreFoundations of Psychology Paper785 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: FOUNDATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY PAPER Foundations of Psychology Paper PSY/300 November 7, 2011 Betsy Ferronato Foundations of Psychology Paper * This paper will discuss the major schools of thought in psychology and examine their major underlying assumptions. The paper will also identify the primary biological foundations of psychology linked to behavior. According to our reading in psychology is the scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior. Mental processesRead More Foundations of Psychology Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesWhen psychology first emerged as a science, the process of explaining the human mind and human behavior began. In this essay we will present a brief synopsis of what psychology is and introduce the reader to the primary biological foundations of psychology that are linked to behavior as well as introducing the reader to the major schools of thought in psychology. In Kowalski and Westen Fifth Edition of Psychology, psychology is define as â€Å"the scientific investigation of mental processes such as;Read MoreThe Conceptual Foundations Of Psychology2268 Words   |  10 PagesAll sciences originally descended from philosophy and over the centuries the special sciences gradually became independent of this discipline, with Psychology being one of the last of the special sciences to separate from the parent during the 19th century (Banyard, Davies, Normal Winder, 2010). The questions and ideas in Psychology have been of interest since the time of the ancient Greeks, where philosophers inquired into how human beings know the world. Plato asked questions about human motivationRead MoreA Foundation For Studying Emotional Psychology972 Words   |  4 Pagesto signal different emotions are universally comprehended. Therefore, do all human beings signal certain emotions with the same, universal, facial expression? The studies conducted regarding the universality thesis were used as a foundation for studying emotional psychology. Making it extremely relevant to question such influential research, which appears to lack consistent and convincing results. There are three main issues regarding the universality thesis. The first of which is that, methodologicalRead MoreIntegrative Approaches Of Psychology And Christianity1495 Words   |  6 PagesApproaches to Psychology and Christianity, An Introduction to Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations and Models of Integration† is a book written by David N. Entwistle that offers insight and awareness to the relationship between psychology and theology. Psychology and theology share a common interest in the nature and purpose of human beings. This book introduces worldview issues and a philosophical source that provides a framework of the relationship between the science of psychology and ChristianityRead MorePsychologys Influence on Nursing Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesAs defined by Mason and Whitehead, psychology is a branch of biological science which focuses on the study of conscious life in its origin (66). Mason and Whitehead go on to argue that conscious life refers to th e experiences of the individual and origins refer to the particular group or issue being reviewed: e.g., child, adult, abnormal or animal (66-7). A basic examination of the definition of psychology demonstrates that the practice is one that requires understanding of the human experience andRead MoreThe Benefits Of Breastfeeding For Mothers875 Words   |  4 Pagescaregivers (Health Psychology). For those mothers whom are able and willing to breastfeed their infants there is a definite benefit. Breastfeeding is shown to benefit the mother and child through its natural ability to aide in the mother’s inner peace, its health giving properties, its superior nutrient content compared to formula, and accessibility. Though breastfeeding is undoubtedly the optimum feeding method, it is not necessarily a possibility for some mothers (The Nemours Foundation). For example

Elements of the Statement of Work Essay Example

Essays on Elements of the Statement of Work Essay The paper "Elements of the Statement of Work" is an outstanding example of an essay on finance and accounting. The statement  of work comprises of ideological issues related to the purpose of the intended activity. A number of deliberations must be taken in order to have an effective statement of work. This paper will focus on elements of the Statement of Work considered necessary for the purchasing of services of financial auditors to help with the annual audit.  In order to determine the elements necessary to purchase a financial auditor, a number of things must be prioritized. It would be vital to outline the required major deliverables and a timeline of when they are expected (Michael, 2008). This should be in line with the tasks involved in delivering these deliverables. In light of this, resources required need to be identified, together with the party involved for settling down the costs.The organization should consider having a statement of work on the basis of its effect iveness. In this regard, the process should indicate the degree to which the process output conforms to what is right for the organization. If the intended purpose of the process of the audit is not clearly stated, the results of the process may not be necessary. Moreover, the process must be efficient; this is the degree to which the process of audit produces the required output in relation to resource cost (Kerzner, 2009). The output should have minimum resource cost. In addition, the process should assure the quality of the required expectations. There is a need to have a process that measures whether the intended work can be done correctly and on time. Since the audit might produce a report implicating some employees of the organization, the process should take care of the overall health of the organization including the working environment of its employees. A clear evaluation of the effects of the activity and its outcome should conform to the goals of the organization (Spitzer , 2007). In fact, the evaluation and the decision to hire audit services should be based on the value-added by the process.   With such deliberations and in situations where the organization’s financial status review has taken a long time without evaluation, the financial auditor may be needed to assist the organization in preparation of the fund accountability statement in reference to the books and records maintained by the organization (Pickett, 2010). This means that the auditor must review direct and indirect costs billed to by the organization. In addition, the auditor must review general and program ledgers to determine the authenticity of documentation of costs. The audit must also provide a detailed procurement review on whether sound commercial practices such as competition, prices, and adequate control were employed in line with quantities and qualities received.Remuneration of employees is also a vital component of the audit report which the audit must have the capacity to review. The audit must determine whether salary rates are reasonable for the positions held by the employees, and in accordance with the laws and regulations (Pickett, 2010). Another component of the audit review that the audit must review is the organization's assets. The auditor must have the capacity to determine whether assets were used according to the terms of related agreements. In addition to this, the audit must determine whether the technical assistance and services used by the organization are used for their intended purposes (Pickett, 2010).ConclusionA statement of work should contain different elements of considerations for the intended activity to be employed by the organization. In regard to the purchasing of services of financial auditors to help with the annual audit, it would be vital to outline the effectiveness of the financial auditors, how efficient the process of financial audit can be, and above all, the value added by the financial audit services .

Succubus Blues CHAPTER 25 Free Essays

Sometimes you wake up from a dream. Sometimes you wake up in a dream. And sometimes, every once in a while, you wake up in someone else’s dream. We will write a custom essay sample on Succubus Blues CHAPTER 25 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"If he wanted to carry me off and make me his love slave, I’d do it, so long as I got advance copies of his books.† My first words spoken to Seth as I passionately discussed his work. Seth’s initial impression of me. Head held high, hair tossed over my shoulder. A flippant remark always at the ready. Grace under fire. A cool social confidence introverted Seth could never muster but envied. How can she do that? Never miss a beat? Later, my rambling explanation of the five-page rule, a goofy habit he found infinitely endearing. Someone else who appreciated literature, viewing it like fine wine. Smart and deep. And beautiful. Yes, beautiful. I saw myself now as Seth had seen me that night: the short skirt, the racy purple top, brilliant as a bird’s plumage. Like some exotic creature, hopelessly out of place in the bookstore’s dreary landscape. All of this was in Seth, the past of his growing feelings for me mingling with the present, and I drank everything up. Not just beautiful. Sexy. Sensual. A goddess made flesh whose every move hinted at passion to come. The dress strap slipping off my shoulder. Faint beads of perspiration on my cleavage. Standing in his kitchen, clad only in that ridiculous Black Sabbath shirt. No underwear on under that. Wonder what it’d be like to wake up with her next to me, messy and untamed. It all spilled into me. More and more. He would watch me at the bookstore. Loved watching me interact with customers. Loved that I seemed to know something about everything. The witty dialogue he pondered for his characters coming to my lips without hesitation. Amazing. Never met anyone who talks like that in real life. My bartering with the used book store owner. A charisma that drew in shy, quiet Seth, made me glow in his eyes. Made him feel more confident. Still his feelings rushed through me. I had never felt anything like it. Certainly I had felt attraction and fondness in my victims, but never such love, not directed at me. Seth thought I was sexy, yes. Desired me. But that raw lust juxtaposed with something softer too. Something sweeter. Kayla sitting on my lap, small blond head against my chest as I braided her hair. A brief shifting of the image as he momentarily considered his own daughter on my lap. Fierce and witty on one hand, gentle and vulnerable on the other. My inebriated state at his condo. A swell of protectiveness as he led me to bed, watching me hours after I’d gone to sleep. He thought no less of me for the weakness, for my lapse of control and judgment. It was a letting down of my walls for him, a sign of imperfection that made him love me more. Further and further I drank, my desperate and weakened state unable to stop. â€Å"Why doesn’t she date?† Seth asked Cody. Cody? Yes, there he was, in the back of Seth’s mind. A memory. Cody secretly giving Seth swing lessons, neither of them telling me, instead making up vague excuses for why they always had to be â€Å"somewhere.† Seth, trying so hard to make his feet obey so he could dance with me and be closer to me. â€Å"She’s afraid,† the vampire replied. â€Å"She thinks love causes pain.† Love causes pain. Yes, Seth loved me. Not the crush I’d imagined. Not a superficial attraction I thought I’d dissuaded. It was more, so much more. I embodied everything in a woman he could ever imagine: humor, beauty, intelligence, kindness, strength, charisma, sexuality, compassion†¦ His soul seemed to have recognized mine, drawn uncontrollably toward me. He loved me with a depth of feeling I could not even begin to tap into, though believe me, I tried. I wanted it. I wanted to feel it all, to suck up that burning within him. To consume it. Set myself on fire with it. Georgina! Somewhere far away, someone called to me, but I was too into Seth. Too into absorbing that strength within him, that strength fused with his feelings for me. Feelings brought on, amplified even, by kissing. Lips soft and eager. Hungry. Demanding. Georgina! I wanted to become one with Seth. I needed to. I needed him to fill me up†¦ physically, mentally, spiritually. There was something there†¦ something concealed inside him I couldn’t quite reach, hovering in the background. A tantalizing piece of knowledge I should have long since recognized. You are my life. I needed to get in farther, reach out for more. Find out what was hiding from me. That kiss was my lifeline, my connection with something bigger than myself, something I had been aching for all my life but never known. I couldn’t stop. Couldn’t stop kissing Seth. Couldn’t stop. Couldn’t – â€Å"Georgina! Let go!† Rough hands tore me away from Seth, like flesh ripping from my own body. I cried out in agony at the broken connection, fighting the hands that pulled me and held me. I clawed at my captor, needing to find out the secret lurking beyond that kiss, yearning for the completeness of that union with Seth – Seth. My hands dropped, and I blinked, bringing the world back into focus. Reality. I was no longer inside Seth’s head; I was still in my apartment. A feeling of solidness settled in me, and I didn’t have to look down to know my body had stopped its shifting, my form snapping back to a short, slim woman with honeyed brown hair. The girl I had been long ago was buried within me once more, never to come out if I could help it. Seth’s life force now filled me to overflowing. â€Å"Georgina,† murmured Hugh behind me, letting his hands ease up on my arms. â€Å"Christ, you scared me.† Looking across the room, I saw Carter, bedraggled as usual, leaning over Seth’s body. â€Å"Oh God – † I sprang up and moved to them, kneeling beside the angel. Seth lay on the floor, skin pale and clammy. â€Å"Oh God. Oh God. Oh God. Is he†¦ ?† â€Å"He’s alive,† Carter told me. â€Å"Barely.† Stroking Seth’s cheek, feeling the fine golden-red haze of his near-beard, I felt tears brimming in my eyes. His breathing came shallow and jagged. â€Å"I didn’t mean to. I didn’t mean to take so much†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You did what you had to do. You were in bad shape, could have died.† â€Å"And now Seth might†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Carter shook his head. â€Å"No. He won’t. He’ll need recovery time, but he’ll pull through.† I drew my hand back, half-afraid my touch might harm Seth more. Glancing around, I became aware of the disheveled state of my apartment. It looked worse than Jerome’s. Smashed china and glass. Broken tables. Overturned chairs and couch. The unstable bookshelf in pieces at last. From the kitchen, Aubrey hunkered down under the kitchen table, wondering what was going on. I wondered myself. The nephilim were nowhere in sight. What had happened? Had I really missed it all? The epic, divine battle of the century, and I had missed it for a kiss? Admittedly, a really good kiss, but still†¦ â€Å"Where is†¦ everyone else?† â€Å"Jerome’s off doing, uh, damage control with your neighbors.† â€Å"That doesn’t sound good.† â€Å"Standard practice. Supernatural battles aren’t exactly quiet, you know. He’ll do a little mind erasing, make sure no authorities get notified.† I swallowed, afraid to ask my next question. â€Å"What about†¦ what about the nephilim ?† Carter studied me, gray eyes holding me long and hard. â€Å"I know, I know,† I said at last, looking down, unable to return that gaze. â€Å"There’s no ten years and parole, right? You destroyed them.† â€Å"We destroyed†¦ one of them.† I looked up sharply. â€Å"What? What about the other one?† â€Å"He got away.† He.My looming tears slipped out now; I could not control them. For you, I’ll walk away. â€Å"How?† Carter laid a hand on Seth’s forehead as though taking vital stats and then turned back to me. â€Å"It all happened really fast. He masked and went invisible in the confusion, while we were taking on the other one. And honestly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The angel looked at my closed front door, then at Hugh and me. â€Å"What?† I whispered. â€Å"I’m not†¦ I’m not entirely convinced Jerome didn’t let him get away. He wasn’t expecting two. I wasn’t either, though I should have, in retrospect. After killing the first one†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Carter shrugged. â€Å"I don’t know. Hard to say what happened. â€Å" â€Å"Then he’ll be back,† I realized, fear and relief blending weirdly in me over the thought of Roman’s escape. â€Å"He’ll be back†¦ and he won’t be happy with me.† â€Å"I don’t think that’ll be a problem,† the angel observed. Gently, he lifted Seth up and walked to my overturned couch. A moment later, it flipped over untouched, righting itself. Carter laid Seth on it and continued speaking. â€Å"He took a real beating – the other nephilim. A really bad beating. I can’t believe he had the power left to hide himself from us; I still keep expecting to feel him again any minute. If he’s smart, he’s running as fast and far from us as he can right now, getting out of our range – out of any immortal’s range – so he can drop his shields and rest.† â€Å"Then what?† asked Hugh. â€Å"He’s in bad shape. It’ll take him a long time to recover. When he does, he knows he doesn’t have the backup to return here again.† â€Å"He could still take on me,† I noted, shivering as I remembered Roman’s wrath toward me at the end. It was hard to believe we’d been wrapped in each other’s arms, caught in the throes of passion, less than twenty-four hours ago. â€Å"He could take you on,† agreed Carter. â€Å"But he can’t take me on. Or Jerome. He certainly can’t take both of us on. That was what decided it, in the end. They didn’t expect that. Us teamed together. It’ll give him pause to just come bursting back here, even if you alone pose no threat.† I didn’t find that reassuring in the least. I thought of Roman, passionate and rebellious, always eager to make a point against the system. That personality type lent itself well to revenge. I had tricked him, made love to him, and then betrayed him, resulting in the annihilation of his plans – and his sister. Thank God for my sister. She’s the only one I have, the only mainstay in my life. He might pause, as Carter had suggested, but not for long. Of that, I was certain. â€Å"He’ll be back,† I whispered, more to myself. â€Å"Someday he’ll be back.† Carter gave me a steady look. â€Å"Then we will deal with him then.† My front door opened, and Jerome entered. He looked neat and prim, hardly like he’d just been in an apocalyptic battle with his own offspring. â€Å"Housekeeping all done?† asked Carter. â€Å"Yes.† The demon’s eyes darted over to Seth. â€Å"He’s alive?† â€Å"Yes.† Angel and demon locked eyes then, and a tense moment of palpable silence hung between them. â€Å"How fortuitously unexpected,† Jerome murmured at last. â€Å"I could have sworn he was dead. Well. Miracles happen every day. I suppose we’ll have to wipe him now.† I stood up. â€Å"What are you talking about?† â€Å"Nice to have you back with us again, Georgie. You look lovely, by the way.† I glared at him, angry at his joke, knowing it was Seth’s energy giving me the succubus glamour now. â€Å"What do you mean you have to ‘wipe’ him?† â€Å"What do you think? We can’t let him walk away after everything he’s seen. I’ll diminish a little of his affection for you while I’m at it; he’s a liability to you.† â€Å"What? No. You can’t do that.† Jerome sighed, putting on the look of one who suffered long and hard. â€Å"Georgina, do you have any idea what he was just exposed to? He has to be wiped. We can’t let him know about us.† â€Å"How much of me will you take from him?† Pieces of Seth’s memories – my memories, now – glittered in my head like jewels. â€Å"Enough so that he forgets he has any more than a passing knowledge of you. You’ve been even more negligent with your job than usual these last few weeks.† I hardly thought that was Seth’s fault; Roman had helped too. â€Å"Both of you will function much better if he finds some mortal woman to obsess on instead.† Don’t you want to stand out in some way? Carter’s taunting question from what seemed like an eternity ago whispered in my head. â€Å"You don’t have to do this. You don’t have to take me out with the rest.† â€Å"If I’m already in there, I might as well clear you too. There’s no way he can just go on as usual after being exposed to denizens of the divine realms. Even you have to agree with that.† â€Å"Some mortals know about us,† I argued. â€Å"Like Erik. Erik knows, and he keeps it to himself.† In fact, I realized suddenly, Erik had kept Helena’s secret to himself as well. He had figured it out after working with her over the years but had never revealed the full truth, only doling out small clues for me. â€Å"Erik is a special case. He has a gift. An ordinary mortal like this one couldn’t handle it.† Jerome walked over to my couch, looking at Seth dispassionately. â€Å"It’s better this way.† â€Å"No. Please,† I cried, running over to Jerome and pulling his sleeve. â€Å"Please don’t.† The archdemon turned to me, dark eyes cold and shocked that I would dare grab hold of him like that. I knew then, cringing under that gaze, that something in our fond, indulgent relationship had changed forever – something small, but important nonetheless. I didn’t know what had done it. Maybe it had been Seth. Maybe it had been Roman. Maybe it had been something else altogether. All I knew was that it had happened. â€Å"Please,† I begged, ignoring how desperate I must sound. â€Å"Please don’t. Don’t take me from him†¦ out of his head like that. I’ll do anything you want. Anything.† I brushed a hand over my eyes, attempting to look calm and in control, knowing I was failing. One eyebrow shifted ever so slightly on Jerome’s face, the only hint that I had piqued his interest. The term â€Å"deal with the devil† had not arisen lightly; few demons could resist a bargain. â€Å"What could you possibly offer me? The sex thing only worked on my son, so don’t even think about trying it now.† â€Å"Yes,† I agreed, voice growing stronger as I plunged forward. â€Å"It worked on him. It works on all sorts of men. I’m good, Jerome. Better than you know. Why do you think I’m the only succubus in this city? It’s because I’m one of the best. Before I hit this funk†¦ this, I don’t know, whatever mood I’ve been in for a while now, I could have any man I wanted. And not just simply for their strength and life force. I could manipulate them. Make them do anything I asked, talk them into acts of sin they never would have dreamed of before meeting me. And they would do it. They’d do it, and they’d like doing it.† â€Å"Go on.† I took a deep breath. â€Å"You’re tired of the ‘all lowlifes, all the time,’ right? Me being negligent? Well, I can change that. I can raise your stock higher than you’ve ever dreamed. I’ve done it before. All you have to do is let Seth go. Let him keep his memories intact. All of them.† Jerome studied me a moment, mind working. â€Å"All the ‘stock’ in the world won’t do me any good if he runs around blathering about what he’s seen.† â€Å"Then we’ll see if he can handle it first. When he recovers and wakes up, we’ll talk to him. If he doesn’t look like he’ll be able to cope with it all†¦ well, then you can erase his memories.† â€Å"Who will make the call if he can cope or not?† I hesitated, not wanting that decision in the demon’s hands. â€Å"Carter will. Carter can tell if someone’s telling the truth.† I looked at the angel. â€Å"You’ll know if it’s okay, right? Okay for him to know†¦ about us?† Carter gave me an odd look, one I could not interpret. â€Å"Yes,† he finally admitted. â€Å"What about your end?† asked Jerome. â€Å"Will you hold it up – even if Carter decides he’s unsafe?† That was harsh. I had a feeling Jerome wouldn’t negotiate on this one, but I was willing to risk it, so confident did I feel about Seth’s capacity to process immortal activity. I opened my mouth, about to agree, when I caught Hugh shaking his head at me out of the corner of my eye. Frowning, he tapped his watch, mouthing something I couldn’t understand at first. Then, it clicked. Time. I had listened to the imp talk about his job enough to know the rules of negotiation: never make an open-ended deal with a demon. â€Å"If Seth keeps his memories, I’ll walk the succubus straight and narrow for a century. If they have to be erased anyway, then I’ll still do it for†¦ a third of that.† â€Å"Half,† countered Jerome. â€Å"We aren’t mortal. Even a century is nothing on the face of eternity.† â€Å"Half,† I agreed dully, â€Å"but no more than survival dictates. I’m not going to do this every day, if that’s what you’re thinking. I’ll only get fixes as I need them, but they’ll be strong ones. Very strong – loaded with sin. With men of good caliber, that’ll be†¦ oh, every four to six weeks.† â€Å"I want better than that. Extra credit. Every couple of weeks, whether you need it or not.† I closed my eyes, unable to fight anymore. â€Å"Every couple of weeks.† â€Å"Very well,† said Jerome, a warning note in his voice. â€Å"But you will be held to this agreement unless I choose to terminate it for some reason. Not you. There will be no wiggling out for you.† â€Å"I know. I know, and I accept.† â€Å"Shake then.† He extended his hand to me. Not hesitating, I took it, and power crackled briefly around us. The demon smiled thinly. â€Å"We have a deal.† How to cite Succubus Blues CHAPTER 25, Essay examples

Report On Strategic Framework of Restaurants-Samples for Student

Question: Critically analyze two (2) strategic frameworks full service restaurant managers and owners can apply and assess the potential challenges in operationalzing their strategy. Answer: Introduction The report is based on the analysis of two strategic frameworks that can be used the owners and the managers of the restaurants to increase their business and profitability. The strategic frameworks that are present for the purpose of implementation in any kind of business are many in number. The choice of the right strategy for a particular business is the most important part of the implementation process of the business. The restaurant business is an integral part of the hospitality industry. The restaurant environment is quite tough as the working hours are long in this case and the work is also tedious (Lee, Kim Park, 2012). The restaurant or the hospitality industry has many opportunities of growth, however, the most important part of this growth process are the customers of the restaurants. The satisfaction of the customers helps in the growth of the restaurants. This process can be completed with the help of certain strategies implemented by the restaurant owners or the managers. The implementation of the right strategy is important for the growth of the restaurant. There are steps involved in the choice of the right strategic framework for the success of the restaurant. The first involves the analysis of the need for a strategic framework in the restaurant and further choosing the right strategy (Gobble, 2012). The next step involves the application of the chosen strategic framework on the goals of the organization and analysing the way each of the goals fit with the strategic framework that is chosen. Finally, the entire plan that has been made for the implementation of the strategic framework is analysed and the balance of the goals is measured on an overall basis. The two strategic frameworks required by restaurant managers and owners The two strategic frameworks that are suitable for the managers or the owners of the restaurants are Porters Five Force Model and the VRIO framework. Explanation of the Porters five forces model with respect to restaurants The Porters five force model is used for the purpose of creating and maintaining the competitive advantage of the organization. This tool helps managers to analyse the environment where the organization is operating. The restaurant managers can use this tool to analyse their competitors and also develop strategies to counter them. As discussed by Srivastava, Franklin Martinette, (2013), the Porters Five Force model helps in identifying five forms of pressure within a particular sector including, competitors in the market, new entries in the market, products that act as substitutes of the products of the particular company, power of the suppliers to bargain, power of the customers to bargain. This model is applied to the restaurant sector and this can help the managers as well as the owners to increase the profitability of the restaurant. Rivalry in the market As discussed by McLay, (2014) the rivalry of between the organizations in the market is the most important force of the Porters five force model. The level of the rivalry between the organizations is an important factor that determines the pressure of the competition. The industry is considered to be a disciplined industry if the level of the competition between the organizations is low. The high level of competition in the market results in the extreme rivalry between the organizations. The amount of the conflict in the market is affected by some characteristics of the particular industry as discussed further. The more number of organizations of the same kind in the market increases the competition between the organizations. The growth of the market in which the organizations are operating results in the fight of the firms for acquiring their share in the market. The reason behind this is the opportunity that a growing market can provide to the firms (Hacklin Wallnfer, 2012). The fixed costs and the costs of operating in a particular market is another that increases the competition. The higher the fixed costs of operating in the market, the greater is the competition between the firms. The low level of switching and less difference between the products in the same industry increases the level of rivalry as well. The barriers related to the exit of a product and the rivals who are diverse in nature increases the competition in the market as well. The growth of an industry encourages more and more entries into the market. This further increases the number of firms in the same industry and the level of competition also increases. The service sector is the fastest growing in the recent times (Sohel, Rahman Uddin, 2014). This has led to the entry of many organizations in the market. The restaurant sector is also a part of it and is growing in the same pace. This has developed huge competition and rivalry among the organizations in this indu stry. Supplier power - As discussed by Nasri Zarai, (2013), the suppliers are an important factor for any type of restaurant The suppliers have the power to decide the price of the raw materials that are required by the restaurants. The cost of the raw materials decides the ultimate price of the products of the restaurants. The restaurant industry is considered to be in the service sector. The services provided in the restaurants are directly dependent on the prices decided by the suppliers of that restaurant. The other main factor that affects this sector is the power of the staff or the labour. The costs associated with the labour of the restaurants is another important factor that affects its operations. The power of the supplier is more if the number of suppliers of any particular product is less in the market and the costs related to the switching of the suppliers is more. This situation makes the suppliers much more powerful. On the other hand, if there is more competition for the s uppliers in the market, the restaurant owner can get more chance of bargaining with the suppliers and increase their profitability. Power of the buyers The customers of the restaurant are considered to be the buyers of the services provided by the restaurant owners. The power of the customers influences the operations and profitability of the restaurants. The customers are more powerful if the same type of services are provided by many restaurants in the same sector. The customer has the power to choose and this determines the profitability of the organization. On the other hand, if the number of restaurants are less in the same sector the customer has less choice and hence the prices can be controlled by the restaurant owners. The prices are regulated by the choice of the customers if they have more choices of restaurants (Gassmann, Frankenberger Csik, 2014). The power of the buyer to set the price is more if the competition is less and the power of the buyers is less if the competition is more. Threats related to the substitutes The third force in the Porters five force model is the threat that is posed to the restaurant owners due to the presence of their substitutes. The availability of the substitutes contributes to the changes in the cost related to the service of the restaurants. The threat related to the substitutes is more prevalent if the demand of the particular service changes with the change in the price of that service. The price elasticity of the services is affected by the substitutes available in the market. The increase in the substitutes of the service increases the demand for that service as well (Cardeal Antonio, 2012). The reason being the availability of that service is more in the market. The closest substitute of a particular restaurant, for example in the same cuisine, contributes in the change in the prices of the services of that restaurant. The threats related to the substitutes of a particular company that endangers the competition of that orga nization arises from outer industries. The substitute related threat affects the industry in terms of the competition related to the prices of the service provided by the organization. This regulates the prices that will be decided by the owners of the restaurants. Threat related to new entrants in the market The entry of new organizations in the market is another threat for the particular firm that is taken into consideration. The new entries in the market have an effect on the level of competition between the organizations. However, there are many barriers related to the entry of the new firms. The barriers to the entry in the market are the factors that define the characteristics of the industry itself (Harrington, Ottenbacher Way, 2013). The rate of the entry of the fresh organizations is reduced due to the barriers that are present in the market. This helps the old firms to maintain their profit levels. This theory holds true for the restaurant or service industry as well. The different types of barriers as discussed by Bernhardt, Mays Hall, (2012), are as discussed further. The barriers in the market are related to the policies made by the government. The policies made by the government sometimes restricts the entry of the new organiza tions. Government can also try to create monopolies for a particular organization in some industries. This restricts the entry of new competition in the market. However, in case of the service sector monopoly market is not created by the government, although the regulations of the government can differ in different places. The patents or copyrights that are required for the new organizations can also act as a barrier to their entry in the market. The ideas and the knowledge that helps an organization to create competitive advantage is used as the private property of the organization that cannot be used by any other organization. This also creates a barrier for the new organization. In case of the service sector the ideas related to the different cuisine styles or the dcor of the restaurants are used as the patents of the particular restaurant, which creates an advantage for that restaurant. As argued by, Booi-Chen Peik-Foong, (2012), the need of the resources for a particular organ ization is another barrier for its entry. The problem occurs for the organizations where the specialized equipments are required which cannot be traded for any other products if the idea of the business does not work. In the restaurants also specialized equipments may be required for different types of cooking purposes, which cannot be used for any other purposes if the business fails. The other barriers in the industry are related to the exit of any particular organization from the market. The exit barriers are related to the difficulty of exit due to the assets which are not easily saleable, the high cost of the exit is also a barrier (Haghighi et al., 2012). Fig 1. (Lee, Kim Park, 2012) VRIO Analysis The framework of the VRIO Analysis is used to examine the business based on the strategic scheme. The vision statement of a particular organization is related to its strategic scheme. VRIO analysis is used an internal analysis tool for a particular organization. As discussed by, Lin et al., (2012), the first part of the VRIO analysis is based on the Value factor of the firm. This part helps in analysing the value of the resource for the organization. The investigation is based on the factor that whether the resource that is provided is able to use the opportunity that is available and also whether it is able to counter the threat that is posed towards the organization. The value factor is considered to be the strength of the company if it is able to conduct the above mentioned activities (Heo et al., 2013). There are many opportunities in the market that can be used by the organizations to increase their value. The opportunities include, change in the technologies related to the industry, the changes in the demography of the target market of the firm, the changes in the culture of the target market. The other opportunities include, the changes in the economy, events related to the industry of which the organization is a part and the politica l and the legal conditions of the industry (Knott, 2015). The value of the organization can be detected effectively from the value chain of the organization. The second part of the VRIO analysis is the rarity of the organization. The uniqueness of a particular organization in terms of the resources that it possesses and the capability of the firm to create an edge in the market is the rarity aspect. The resources that are possessed by a company can create a competitive advantage for that particular organization. This advantage can be ensured if the supply of the resources that are used by a particular company is low and cannot be easily obtained by any other organization (Stefan Richard, 2014). The case in which the organization is not able to gain the advantage over its competition with the help of the resources available, then the level of competition between the organizations is high. The third part of the analysis is related to the imitability factor of the organization. The organizations which possess ideas and resources that cannot be easily obtained or imitated by any other organization can gain a lot of competitive advantage over the other organizations in the same industry (Lin Tsai, 2016). The organization can use the opportunities available for the improvement of its profitability or it can use the resources that are rare and are not easily available for any other organization. In this manner the organization can counter their competition. The fourth and final part of the VRIO is the organization of the resources of the particular company. After the analysis of the value of the resources, the rarity factor of the resources and the ability of the other companies to imitate the resources, the last part of the framework states that the resources need to be organized in such a manner so that they are useful for the company (Pirkowska, 2012). The accurate organization of the resources of the organization can help them to gain the competitive advantage required for their sustainability. The VRIO framework can be used by the restaurant managers or the owners to analyse their organization based on the resources possessed by them and the correct usage of these resources to gain the advantage required by them (Slavik Bednr, 2014). Fig 2. (Cardeal Antonio, 2012) Conclusion The use of the two strategic frameworks, that is, Porters Five Force Model and the VRIO Analysis involves some challenges as well. The Porters Five Force Model is used to analyse the industry in which the business is operating in this case the industry is the service sector, on the other hand VRIO analysis can be used to analyse the internal factors related to the resources of the restaurant. The managers need to apply these frameworks efficiently from time to time to make the business sustainable. The report can be concluded by stating that the two strategic frameworks that are discussed above can be implemented and used efficiently to analyse the sustainability of the restaurant in the service industry and the improvements that are required in the business to increase the sustainability and to get the competitive advantage over other organizations. Recommendation The managers and the owners of the restaurants can be recommended to use the Porters Five Force Model and the VRIO Analysis to analyse the service industry and to analyse the resource availability and the competitive edge of the organizations. The service industry is a growing sector and many opportunities are available for the restaurants to increase their business and profitability. The strategic frameworks that have been discussed above can thereby be used by the restaurant owners and the managers to analyse the internal operations of the restaurants as well as the external environment. The Porters five forces analysis is used for examination of the external analysis of the environment where the restaurant operates and the VRIO Analysis is used for analysis of the internal operations. The internal operations include the Value, Rationality, Imitability and the organization itself. The examples of two restaurants that use the Porters Five Force Model and the VRIO Analysis are as dis cussed further. The Rockpool Bar and Grill, Melbourne is a restaurant in Australia that uses the Porters Five Force model as the strategic framework. Belles Hot Chicken is another restaurant in Australia that uses the VRIO Analysis as the strategic framework for the analysis of the business scheme. References Bernhardt, J. M., Mays , D., Hall, A. K. (2012). Social marketing at the right place and right time with new media. Journal of Social Marketing, 2(2), 130-137. Booi-Chen, T., Peik-Foong, Y. (2012). What Drives Green Restaurant Patronage Intention? International Journal of Business Management, 7(2), 215-223. doi: 10.5539/ijbm.v7n2p215 Cardeal, N., Antonio, N. S. (2012). Valuable, rare, inimitable resources and organization (VRIO) resources or valuable, rare, inimitable resources (VRI) capabilities: What leads to competitive advantage?. Gassmann, O., Frankenberger, K., Csik, M. (2014). Revolutionizing the business model. InManagement of the fuzzy front end of innovation(pp. 89-97). Springer International Publishing. Gobble, M. M. (2012). Innovation and strategy.Research-Technology Management,55(3), 63-67. 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An analytic network process approach to operationalization of five forces model.Applied Mathematical Modelling,36(4), 1783-1795. Lin, C., Tsai, H. L. (2016). Achieving a firms competitive advantage through dynamic capability.Baltic Journal of Management,11(3), 260-285. Lin, C., Tsai, H. L., Wu, Y. J., Kiang, M. (2012). A fuzzy quantitative VRIO-based framework for evaluating organizational activities.Management Decision,50(8), 1396-1411. McLay, A. (2014). Re-reengineering the dream: agility as competitive adaptability.International Journal of Agile Systems and Management,7(2), 101-115. Nasri, W., Zarai, M. (2013). Key success factors for developing competitive intelligence in organisation.American Journal of Business and Management,2(3), 239-244. Pirkowska, K. (2012). A behavioral approach to strategy management: main dimensions. Selected Papers, The 7th International Scientific Conference Business and Management. Slavik, S., Bednr, R. (2014). 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